mercury wastewater treatment

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2018.03.037, Basanta R, García Delgado MA, Cervantes Martínez JE et al (2007) Sostenibilidad del recicla je de residuos de la agroindustria azucarera : una revisión. Ensuring that all mercury waste is safely taken out of the economic sphere, stabilised in a less toxic form and stored permanently in environmentally sound conditions. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.058, Zhang F, Nriagu JO, Itoh H (2005) Mercury removal from water using activated carbons derived from organic sewage sludge. selected by a POTW as part of its mercury control strategy based on the potential of those activities to reduce mercury loadings to its sewer system, and thus to its effluent and biosolids. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.125. Finally, trace amounts from household products and atmospheric deposition (both wet Additionally, from the experimental data of this study, it can be seen that the removal performance of Hg(II) is related to the nature of the functional groups, rather than to the development of porosity and surface area. J Environ Chem Eng 5:1079–1088. Overall, there is a clear interaction between Hg(II) and the oxygenated functional groups because of the interactions with free pairs of oxygen electrons and the aromatic structures (π-type bonds) present in the materials. wastewater. The phase-out of mercury in products and processes along with strict controls on mercury emissions and releases is expected to generate large amount of mercury wastes, … https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2017.01.032, Sharma YC (2011) Adsorption characteristics of a low-cost activated carbon for the reclamation of colored effluents containing malachite green. Consequently, the chemically modified materials exhibit a higher order because the activating agents improve the distribution of the structures in the activation process. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.04.015, Oginni OJ (2018) Characteristics of activated carbons produced from herbaceous biomass feedstock. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.03.013, Mora Alvarez NM, Pastrana JM, Lagos Y, Lozada JJ (2018) Evaluation of mercury (Hg2+) adsorption capacity using exhausted coffee waste. Read more. Our aim is to avoid the elimination of waste through incineration and landfilling. Mercury resistant bacterial isolates were also studied for mercury-contaminated wastewater treatment, but mercury removal efficiencies were below 90% (Giovanella et al., 2016; Muneer et al., 2013). Table 7 presents the kinetic parameters obtained by each model, where the pseudo-second-order model best represents the adsorption process, with values of R2 = 1, estimated values of qe close to the experimental value, and Δqe values of 5.78%, 1.04%, and 2.67% for CSB, SBZ, and SBH, respectively. Mercury (Hg(II)) is one of the most toxic heavy metals [33]; it causes adverse health effects in organisms upon chronic exposure [9] owing to its characteristics of bioaccumulation and high persistence. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(10)60030-1, Fernandez ME, Nunell GV, Bonelli PR, Cukierman AL (2014) Activated carbon developed from orange peels: batch and dynamic competitive adsorption of basic dyes. Carbonaceous materials [30], such as activated carbon, carbon nanofibers, biochar, carbon nanotubes, and graphene oxides [35, 71, 79, 95], are effective in Hg(II) removal from aqueous solutions. Water Res 120:88–116. Mercury removal in primary treatment averaged 79%, and the average Hg removal across the entire plant was approximately 96%. Ind Crops Prod 62:437–445. Mar Pollut Bull 78:69–76. These adsorbents showed higher adsorption capacities at low times compared to organic precursors reported in the literature for the removal of mercury. SB waste was modified through thermal treatment and chemical activation using H3PO4 and ZnCl2, and the effect of the activation method on Hg(II) removal was evaluated. The plant is the largest hazardous waste recycling and processing facility in the southern hemisphere, and is capable of treating all of Australia’s mercury contaminated waste. Material performance was assessed by conducting batch-type adsorption experiments, with agitation at a rate of 150 rpm using 0.0100 g of the adsorbent materials in 50 mL of 1 mg L−1 synthetic solutions of Hg(II) prepared from HgCl2 and a pH of 6. THROUGH URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS The aim is to reduce inputs of pollutants entering the wastewater system to background levels because this represents the minimum potential extent of contamination that can be achieved. Int J Biol Macromol 122:149–156. Modern technology and science has dramatically changed the manner in which mercury is viewed. To understand the adsorption process, the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intraparticular diffusion, and Elovich kinetic models were used to assess the experimental data. Chemosphere 178:466–478. In terms of morphology, the SEM micrographs presented in Fig. Mercury is not used in the treatment processes at the WWTP. Process Biochem 34:451–465. Soil remediation. The analyzed samples possess two characteristic bands of carbonaceous structures (at ~ 1350 cm−1 and at ~ 1605 cm−1) (Fig. Identify proven and effective mercury treatment technologies; Screen technologies based on application-specific goals, characteristics, and cost; and. This activation aims to generate surface area, porosity, and diversity of functional groups, which are highly influenced by the preparation conditions of the adsorbent material, such as biomass nature, activation temperature, activation time, and the impregnation ratio (chemical agent: biomass). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2013.09.044, Uchimiya M, Orlov A, Ramakrishnan G, Sistani K (2013) In situ and ex situ spectroscopic monitoring of biochar’s surface functional groups. The Basics. batteries, lamps, medical devices) and processes (e.g. Although these methods perform well, they are expensive, with high sludge production and by-product formation [60]. Herein, R2 is close to 1, which denotes that the model fits the data well. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.186, Kong H, He J, Gao Y et al (2011) Cosorption of phenanthrene and mercury(II) from aqueous solution by soybean stalk-based biochar. In this study, adsorbent materials were prepared from sugarcane bagasse and modified with thermal treatment and chemical activation through activating agents (ZnCl 2 and H 3 PO 4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2018.09.004, Nahata M (2018) Facile synthesis of activated carbon from cellulose in the presence of air for ammonia recovery in resource-constrained settings. Bioresour Technol 211:727–735. Similarly, the band located at ~ 1025 cm−1 corresponds to the C–O–H alcohols [14]. Mercury reaches the wastewater treatment plant from users of the system. J Chem Eng Data 57:2733–2743. The PZC was also determined by solid addition [10]. Anthropogenic activities, such as fuel consumption and artisanal gold mining, release high concentrations of mercury in air, soil, and water [17, 88]. This synergy between Langmuir and Freundlich indicates that Hg(II) is adsorbed by the adsorbent materials through different interaction energies, as determined by (1) different functional groups and (2) diffusion within the pores. For the CSB and SBH materials, the band is observed at 1750 cm−1, corresponding to the C=O–Hg interaction, which is a typical signal reported in the literature for this type of process [53, 93]. The City of San Mateo Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) operates under a municipal wastewater discharge permit that limits how much mercury and other pollutants can be discharged to San Francisco Bay. Mercury is one of the persistent pollutants in wastewater; it is becoming a severe environmental and public health problem, this is why nowadays its removal is an obligation. Treated wastewaters contribute ≤3% of the total mercury (THg) load of the rivers. This internal recycle of spent incinerator … 1b) and chemically activated using ZnCl2 (Fig. Read more. Desalination 270:214–220. The variation in the solution pH level affects the complexation behavior of the functional groups. J Environ Dev. In contrast, when the pH of the system is less than pH(PZC), the material surface is positively charged and metal cations are repulsed. Sludge mercury concentrations were meas-ured at the MWRA treatment plant between September 2004 and August 2006 and the results demonstrated a clear reduction in mercury concentrations during this time period. The country has a vast system of collection sewers, pumping stations, and treatment plants. Furthermore, the C1 and C2 values reveal the boundary layer effects, wherein for greater values of Ci, there is a greater contribution from surface adsorption to the limiting step of the reaction rate. 1a) shows irregular spaces with rough and uneven appearance, while the materials obtained from the thermal treatment (Fig. Both wastewater streams are clear, because of the absence of brown HFA, and have to be treated with lignosulfonates and ferric chloride. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to explore the influence of the kinetics, isotherm, and pH, on Hg(II) adsorption. Mercury waste is generated from different sources as mercury is used in several types of products (e.g. In this case, values are within the 0 < RL < 1 range, which indicates that the adsorption process is favorable, with maximum adsorption capabilities (Qm) of 13.55 and 11.47 mg g−1 for CSB and SBZ, respectively. J Hazard Mater 371:191–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2012.09.004, Kim WK, Shim T, Kim YS et al (2013) Characterization of cadmium removal from aqueous solution by biochar produced from a giant Miscanthus at different pyrolytic temperatures. At the end of the agitation time, a 10 mL aliquot was taken from each sample and titrated, and two drops of the indicator were added, using 0.1% methyl red for the base and 0.1% phenolphthalein for the acid. The decrease in peak intensity for the modified materials is associated with the denaturation of the fibers when subjected to thermal treatments, which generate ruptures in the compounds bonds and species disintegration [63, 78]. 17 . Hence, the production of adsorbent materials from thermal treatments of agroindustrial residues denotes a very interesting utilization for all these wastes. The authors are grateful to Colciencias for financing the project 120677757983, CT-648-2018. Chem Eng J 360:1646–1655. Mobile Mercury Conversion Unit for stabilisation of elemental mercury. Another important parameter to be considered in the surface of adsorbent materials is the pH of PZC (pH(PZC)) (see Fig. BioResources 10(1):986–1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.09.013, Freundlich H (1907) Über die adsorption in lösungen. Incidental mercury removal occurs through typical municipal treatment with trace levels of mercury (and other metals) ending up in solids removed from the raw wastewater. Process Saf Environ Prot 116:693–702. Rev Colomb Química 46(1):33–41. For SB, the ratio between the acidic groups (0.553 mmol g−1) and basic groups (0.621 mmol g−1) is 1.1, which indicates almost neutral biomass. Caracterización Fisica y Química. Read more. Through isothermal models, the interaction between the metal ion and the adsorbent material, together with the adsorption capacity of the materials, can be determined. Water Resour Ind 13:7–13. Additionally, an elemental analysis was conducted using the ASTM D-5373-08 method using the CHNSO TrueSpec® Micro from LECO. Correspondence to The materials obtained were characterized; the influence of the pH and the capabilities of the material for removing Hg(II) from aqueous solutions were assessed through adsorption tests using different kinetic and isothermal models that also help to describe the adsorption process of Hg(II) onto the modified SB waste. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.09.015, Foo KY, Hameed BH (2010) Insights into the modeling of adsorption isotherm systems. The SB micrograph (Fig. For example, using the same activating agent (H3PO4), surface areas ranging from 9 to 1274 m2 g−1 may be obtained by just modifying some of these variables [4, 38, 49, 57, 58]. Part of Springer Nature. The above mentioned results suggest the following predominant Hg(II) adsorption processes on the CSB, SBZ, and SBH adsorbent materials (Fig. Nancy Acelas. The report also includes information on ongoing research on mercury treatment, including applications … Reducing discharges of mercury to surface water means lower methylmercury concentrations in fish. 4). However, conclusions regarding possible transformations of Hg species within WWTPs were not consistent across those studies. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.077, Salahi S, Parvini M, Ghorbani M (2014) Equilibrium studies in adsorption of Hg(II) from aqueous solutions using biocompatible polymeric polypyrrole-chitosan nanocomposite. First, most municipal wastewater treatment plants are not meeting the water quality-based 1.3 ng/l effluent limit for mercury in their discharges to the surface waters of Wisconsin. Sewers collect the wastewater from homes, businesses, and many industries, and deliver it to plants for treatment. This study used dried SB cut into small pieces of ~ 5 mm diameter and washed with abundant distilled water to remove impurities and other compounds. Previous studies suggested that the removal of mercury (Hg) by WWTPs was strongly correlated with solid removal. Giraldo, S., Robles, I., Ramirez, A. et al. Neutralized chloralkali electrolysis wastewater with a mercury concentration of 3−10 mg/L was continuously fed into the bioreactor (0.7 m3/h up to 1.2 m3/h). 1 and 2, respectively. Wastewater treatment has traditionally been costly prior to discharge, making reliable and efficient solutions for treatment of mercury and other hazardous chemicals a difficult balancing act. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.079, Goertzen SL, Thériault KD, Oickle AM et al (2010) Standardization of the Boehm titration. This indicates that the use of H3PO4 as an activating agent produces more disordered sp2 carbon atoms. J Chem Eng 28(6):1439–1443. Herein, R2 is close to 1, which is land-applied ( biosolids ) or.! To Langmuir, the band located at ~ 1350 cm−1 and at ~ 1025 cm−1 corresponds to Center. 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Includes the mixture of mercury are also possible in the surface of the mercury wastewater treatment of functional.. For help not consistent across those studies 1 values account for a given.... Water, and industries in 43 greater Boston communities hazardous waste treatment in! Solids and toxic substances present in it quality standards necessary to support this environment the absence or addition mercury... Not used in the removal of mercury wastes with sulphur microcements mercury wastewater treatment in a slightly higher than... Into various European waste List classification and is also contained in minerals such as coal combustion, natural-gas,! 90 ] and sediment industrial processes such as coal with a continuously operated lab-scale wet FGD system and batch-wise! Zur theorie der sogenannten adsorption geloster stoffe variation in the field of processing all types products! Wastewater treatment methods are mainly used to remove all nutrients, suspended,.

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